Kandy | Gampola

Kandy | Introduction

Kandy, nestled in the lush, mountainous heart of Sri Lanka, is a city rich in history, culture, and natural beauty. As the last royal capital of the island, Kandy holds a special place in the country's history and has become a symbol of the resilience and strength of the Sinhala people. Its legacy as a center of spirituality, political power, and artistic excellence endures today, attracting visitors from all over the world.

A Royal Legacy

Kandy rose to prominence in the 15th century, during a time of political turmoil on the island. When the coastal regions were under the control of foreign powers, Kandy remained fiercely independent. It became the capital of the Kingdom of Kandy in 1592, under King Vimaladharmasuriya I, marking the beginning of a period of resistance against European colonial rule. For over two centuries, the Kingdom of Kandy successfully defended itself against Portuguese, Dutch, and later British forces, maintaining its sovereignty until 1815.

The Kingdom of Kandy was the last to fall to the British Empire, following the Kandyan Convention, which effectively ceded control to British authorities. However, the spirit of the Kandyan people continued to inspire resistance against colonial rule, contributing to the eventual independence of Sri Lanka in 1948.

The Sacred Temple of the Tooth

One of the city's most significant landmarks is the Sri Dalada Maligawa or the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic. This iconic temple houses what is believed to be a tooth of the Buddha, making Kandy a major pilgrimage site for Buddhists around the world. The relic, which has been enshrined in Kandy since the 16th century, is venerated as a symbol of the continuity of Sri Lankan kingship. It is said that whoever holds the sacred tooth relic holds the right to rule the island.

The Temple of the Tooth is also the focal point of the annual Esala Perahera, one of the most spectacular religious festivals in Asia. This grand procession, featuring elaborately decorated elephants, traditional dancers, drummers, and other performers, is held in honor of the sacred relic and showcases the rich cultural heritage of Kandy.

UNESCO World Heritage City

In recognition of its cultural and historical significance, Kandy was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. The city’s unique blend of history, culture, and natural beauty, from its sacred temples to the serene Kandy Lake, continues to captivate visitors. Surrounded by the misty peaks of the central highlands, Kandy offers a tranquil retreat while providing deep insight into Sri Lanka's royal past.

Cultural and Artistic Heritage

Kandy is also known as a center of traditional Sri Lankan arts and crafts. The Kandyan dance form, with its vibrant costumes and rhythmic movements, is an iconic part of the city's cultural identity. Additionally, the region is famous for its intricate woodwork, brassware, and lacquerware, all of which reflect the artistic skills passed down through generations.

Gateway to the Hill Country

Beyond its historical and cultural significance, Kandy serves as the gateway to Sri Lanka’s breathtaking hill country. The city's cool climate, scenic landscapes, and proximity to tea plantations make it a popular destination for those seeking nature and relaxation. The Peradeniya Botanical Gardens, just outside Kandy, is another major attraction, offering visitors a chance to explore one of the finest botanical collections in Asia.

Conclusion

Kandy remains a vibrant and essential part of Sri Lanka’s heritage. From its days as a royal capital to its modern-day status as a cultural and religious hub, Kandy’s story is intertwined with the history of the island. Its spiritual significance, artistic legacy, and breathtaking surroundings continue to draw visitors seeking a deeper understanding of Sri Lanka's past and its enduring cultural traditions.


Gampola | Introduction

Located in the central highlands of Sri Lanka, Gampola is a town steeped in history and surrounded by natural beauty. Though less known than its famous neighbor, Kandy, Gampola played a crucial role in Sri Lanka’s medieval history and stands as a testament to the island’s rich cultural and political past. Today, it offers a unique blend of historical significance and scenic landscapes, making it a fascinating destination for those interested in exploring the heritage of Sri Lanka.

The Gampola Kingdom

Gampola holds a prominent place in the history of Sri Lanka, having served as the capital of the island during the 14th century. The Gampola Kingdom was established by King Buwanekabahu IV in 1341, marking the beginning of a new era. Buwanekabahu IV chose Gampola as his capital due to its strategic location and natural defenses, as the region is surrounded by hills and rivers, offering protection from invasions.

The Gampola period was a time of political consolidation and cultural development. The kingdom spanned much of central Sri Lanka and maintained its influence through strategic alliances with neighboring powers. After King Buwanekabahu IV, his successor, King Parakramabahu V, continued to rule from Gampola, further solidifying the town's status as an important center of power.

Although the kingdom was eventually absorbed by the more powerful Kingdom of Kotte, Gampola’s role as a royal capital left an enduring impact on the region’s culture and architecture.

Religious and Cultural Heritage

One of Gampola’s most significant contributions to Sri Lankan history is its association with Buddhist heritage. During the Gampola period, Buddhism flourished, and many temples and religious monuments were constructed, some of which still stand today.

The Lankathilaka Viharaya, located just outside Gampola, is one of the finest examples of the era’s architectural achievements. Built during the reign of King Buwanekabahu IV, this magnificent temple combines Sinhalese and South Indian architectural styles, with elaborately carved pillars and intricate frescoes. The Lankathilaka Viharaya is a true symbol of the religious devotion of the Gampola period.

Another significant monument from this era is the Ambuluwawa Temple, situated atop Ambuluwawa Mountain. This unique multi-religious center, built centuries after the Gampola Kingdom, offers breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding countryside and stands as a symbol of unity and coexistence. It incorporates elements from multiple religions, including Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity, making it a modern spiritual landmark in Gampola.

Scenic Beauty and Natural Attractions

Gampola’s location amidst the central highlands offers visitors a chance to experience the natural beauty of Sri Lanka. The Mahaweli River, Sri Lanka's longest river, flows through the region, providing stunning vistas and opportunities for outdoor activities like hiking and birdwatching.

The town is surrounded by tea plantations, and the cool, misty climate creates ideal conditions for growing the world-famous Ceylon tea. Visitors can explore these lush plantations and learn about the tea production process, while also enjoying the scenic beauty of the hills and valleys that define Gampola’s landscape.

Modern Gampola

Today, Gampola is a bustling town that reflects the blend of its ancient past and modern-day development. While it retains its historical charm, the town is also a key hub for trade and agriculture in the region. The Gampola railway station, a historic site in its own right, connects the town to the rest of Sri Lanka, making it an accessible destination for travelers seeking to explore the highlands.

Despite its development, Gampola has managed to preserve much of its historical and cultural heritage. The town's ancient temples, monuments, and scenic landscapes continue to attract visitors looking to delve deeper into Sri Lanka’s history and experience the natural beauty of the central highlands.

Conclusion

Gampola may not be as widely known as some of Sri Lanka’s other historical cities, but its significance in the country’s history is undeniable. As a former royal capital, Gampola played a crucial role in shaping the political and cultural landscape of medieval Sri Lanka. Its legacy is preserved in the beautiful temples, religious monuments, and stunning natural scenery that define the region. For those interested in discovering a lesser-known gem of Sri Lanka’s history, Gampola offers a rich and rewarding experience.


Place To Visit | Activities


Religious Places


Historical Places


Viewpoints


Waterfalls


Wildlife | National Parks | Forest Reserve | Gardens 


Camping Sites | Mountains | Trekking